Leishmaniose visceral humana: Estudo do perfil clínico-epidemiológico na região leste de Minas Gerais, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v6i2.1764.p133-139.2018Keywords:
Leishmaniose visceral, Epidemiologia Descritiva, Vigilância Epidemiológica, Sistemas de Informação em SaúdeAbstract
Introdução: Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma doença sistêmica que afeta animais e o homem. Incluída entre as seis doenças endêmicas mais importantes no mundo, é de notificação compulsória e apresenta número elevado de óbitos. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos notificados de LV em Governador Valadares nos anos de 2008 a 2015. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo por meio de dados secundários de domínio público do banco de dados do SINAN-Net. Figuras e tabelas foram confeccionados com os programas EpiInfoTM versão 7.2 e Microsoft Excel®. Resultados: Foram confirmados 154 casos de LV residentes em Governador Valadares distribuídos em cinquenta (59,5%) dos 84 bairros. As taxas de incidência e letalidade acumuladas foram de sete casos por 100 mil habitantes e 13%, respectivamente. Variáveis demográficas: 69,5% eram do sexo masculino; 29,2% foram menores de cinco anos de idade; 40,7% eram de raça/cor parda. As principais manifestações clínicas foram febre (92,8%), fraqueza (77,9%), emagrecimento (74%), palidez (72%) e hepatomegalia (57,1%); 11,7% dos casos eram de coinfectados por HIV; 99 (66,4%) casos receberam a droga de primeira escolha. 87% dos casos foram curados clinicamente. Conclusões: O perfil apesentado foi semelhante ao descrito na literatura. Constou-se alto percentual de cura pelo diagnóstico precoce e tratamento oportuno. Pel;a detecção tardia, os indivíduos demoram a ser tratados e tendem a ter o quadro agravado, evoluindo para o óbito. Com estes dados, espera-se promover o diálogo entre os diversos setores da saúde para implementação de estratégias e políticas públicas controladoras e preventivas da doença.Downloads
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