Perfil clínico epidemiológico de pacientes com perda auditiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v6i4.1783.p424-430.2018Keywords:
Perfil Epidemiológico, Otorrinolaringologia, Perda Auditiva, Serviços de SaúdeAbstract
Introdução: Perda Auditiva é uma deficiência relativamente comum, que afeta os indivíduos devido às várias causas, entre elas as adversidades dentro do processo laboral ou pelo próprio processo natural do envelhecimento. O diagnóstico tardio e o tratamento inadequado são fatores agravantes. Objetivo: traçar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de Otorrinolaringologia da Policlínica da Universidade Vila Velha e obter a prevalência de perda auditiva, relacionando-a com as principais causas da ocorrência do déficit auditivo. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo observacional transversal, retrospectivo, por meio de consulta aos prontuários de 1275 pacientes, no período de abril de 2014 a abril de 2016. Os dados foram analisados a partir do cálculo de frequência, absoluta e relativa, e aplicação do teste de qui-quadrado. Resultados: A faixa etária mais prevalente foi a dos idosos (38%), que apresentaram Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabetes Mellitus como principais comorbidades. As queixas principais foram hipoacusia (40,3%) e zumbido (36,6%). O diagnóstico relativo ao tipo de perda auditiva mais prevalente foi a Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial, seguida de Perda Auditiva Condutiva. O fator de risco mais prevalente foi exposição a ruídos (26%). Conclusões: A perda auditiva associada ao zumbido foi a mais prevalente neste estudo. O completo diagnóstico audiológico associado a uma conduta adequada e precoce previnem complicações na saúde e no desenvolvimento pessoal.
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