Gastric Cancer: Epidemiological Analysis in the State of Pará, Brazil

a time series study from 2013 to 2022

Abstract

Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of gastric cancer (GC) cases and estimate the crude incidence and mortality rates in the state of Pará and by health macro-regions. Methods: epidemiological, quantitative, descriptive, and time-series study based on secondary data. New cases and deaths from GC between 2013 and 2022 were collected from the Hospital Information System (SIH/DATASUS) and the Oncology and Mortality Panel, both of which are registered under the ICD-10 code C16. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by dividing the total number of cases and deaths by the population and multiplying by 100,000 inhabitants. Results: during the analyzed period, 2,364 cases of CG were reported in Pará. Incidence and mortality rates showed an increasing trend. The peak incidence occurred in 2021, with 4.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (p<0,01), while the highest mortality rate was observed in 2022, with 7.5 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants (p<0.01). Men represented 66.4% of cases, and individuals aged 50 and over accounted for 29.9% of notifications. Macroregion I had the highest number of records and the highest incidence rate (p<0.01). Conclusion: gastric cancer has high incidence and mortality rates in Pará, with progressive growth over the years analyzed, highlighting the need for improvements in regional cancer surveillance,
prevention, and care.